Wrench



E. L. HAZARD.

WRENCH.

' MPLICATION FILED MAR 3, 192x.

1,407,152, Patented Feb. 21, 1922.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

" fApplication filed march s, 1921. seriai No. 449,514.

To all 'whom'z't may concern j 1 Be it known that I, EDMUND HAZARD,acitizen' of the United 'States,"residing at .Hollister, in the'countyof Twin Falls and State of Idaho, haveinvented certain new and usefulImprovements in Wrenches, of

which the following is a'specification.

This invention relates to improvements in:

quick adjusting wrenches. 1O provision of a rapid adjusting wrench, inwhich the associated parts are cooperatively designed,- to permit anoperator to proxi- The primary ob ect of the invention is mately movethejaws thereof into engagement with an objectwith a thumb or finger ofthe same hand used to hold the wrench.

I A further object of the invention is'the provisionofawrench of'theabove described character, whichis' simple in construction, wellbalanced, durably constructed to absorb forces or strains'due to actionon a piece of work; and which includes convenient means Figure 1 a onthe line 5 of. Figure 2.

of adjustments j a Other objects and advantages will be apparentduringthe course of the following detailed description; j I

t In the accompanying drawingforming a part of this specification, andin which sin1i lar reference characters designate corr.,e,

sp'ondi'ng' parts throughout the viseveral views: I

wrench. I a V 'Figure 2- is a side elevation of the improved wrenchshowing the hand of anoperator dotted lines, and the means for quicklyadjusting the wrench to movethe jaws into proximate relation.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary enlarged cross 40 t 'and adjusting means.

fFi'gure 4 1s a cross sectional view taken sectional view showing thejawsupporting on the line H of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is across sectional view taken Inrthe drawing, wherein for thepurpose of illustration is shown the preferred embodiment of myinvention, the letter A designates a jaw ordinarily called the rigid jawof a wrench; B, a movable jaw, and

which is reciprocable with respect to jaw A C, a handle structure rigidwith jaw A; and D, the jaw supporting" and adjusting means associatedwith the improved wrench.

The stationary jaw A comprises the jaw head '10, having the jawgripping'face'll is a plan view of the improved face 11, -a pairof'spaced shanks 12 and 13.

The shanks 12 and 13 are of substantially thesame cross section-",andare smaller in earner me A Patented a. i,.,i22; 1, i

V on thejunder surface; and having integifafly I formed upor. one sideof said under sun" cross section than the head upon which 1 The handle6, includes the side" plates'or pieces and 21-, of similar formation,and

which are attached-to the shanks- 12 and 13 upon the'ends thereofoppositethe wrenc'h head 1 O,as bypins 22 or the likekfThe plates-20 and21, are: provided withfTo'uter formation" to an operators hand. 7 Saidside ate 'sai'dshanks unobstructed, and in fact they-are cast orotherwise fornied.- The f shank. 12 is provided with a depression orrecess 15, on the inner face; thereof, and: facing the space 16 providedinternsediate' the shanks- 12 and 13; and the-purpose of a.vvhichrecess' 15 "and-spacelfi will hereinrafter be specificallymentioned. 7 i

rounded surfaces 23,'adapted for convenient 1 l The .movable[jaw, Bcomprises the jaw the'article engaging face 27/ This jaw26 issymmetrically disposed with're'spect to the j 21W '10, and has suitableapertures 28 and 29 head 26, of substantiallythe same width of I the jawhead 10," andwhichis provided with therein for the reception of theshanks 12 an'di 13 respectively. v The ,jaw head 26 is relat velylonger' than thej aw head 10;-and the rearwardly projecting, end 30faces the 'handlestrii'cture C, the same beingof'the same width as therest of the jaw-26, pro-f a viding the rear surfaces l to be engaged bythe thumb of an operator, for afpurpos'e to he subsequently set 'forth.-A shank 35 is fornr'iedintegrally upon the'rear of theypron jection 30and which shank 35'is in efi'ect' a ratchet bar of the same width andsubstantially the same cross section asthe shanks 12 and 13, saidratchet bar 35 in reality being operatively and reciprocably disposedwithin the space 116 providedintermediate said shanks 12 and 13. Teeth36' are pro-1 vided upon a sid e surface-o fthe ratchet bar 35,'sai dteethbeing inclined rearwardly t0- ward the handle structure C andprovided with the roundedupperfaces 37. In posttion the movable B is sodispose-d. witlrespect to the jaw A that the teeth 36 face the recess15. The ratchet bar is of suflicient length to allow reciprocation of.the

jaw B with respectto jaw A, and in order to 'PIOVlClG an operatingassociation of parts,

the bar 35 projects for a short distance into the pocket 24. i

T he means D which permits quick ad ustment of jaw B with respect to jawA; and

' maintains saidjaw B in rigid position when a desired adjustment issecured; includes the i pawl 10, and the; spring l1. The pawl d0,

is an elongated structure, incliuling the head ll-2, on the undersurface of which are formed a plurality of teeth 43, said teeth beingforwardly inclined and adapted for engaging the spaces intermediateteeth 36 upon the each side thereof and spaced a suiiicient distance'tooperate comfortably with respect to the shank 12, when the wrenchstructure is assembled.

The outer faces 46 of the thumb pieces are rounded, and may be knurled,for securing a better grip thereupon. The spring ll is provided with therear end 42 thereof seated within a depression in the shank 12 and whichspring ll forwardly projects and overlies the top of the elongated pawl4.0, for normally maintaining the teeth 43 thereof in firm engagementwith the teeth 36 of .the ratchet bar 35. r i

. The structure is so assembled, thatthe thumb pieces 45.laterallyproject forwardly of the handle structure C and upon each sideof the shank 12, thus'placing them in convenient position to the hand ofan operator of the wrench. In order to move the jaw B rearwardly withrespect to the jaw A, the operator has merely to place his thumb andindex finger upon the thumb piece and linger piece 45, and pullingupwardly there on rock the pawl 40 upon its-pivot pin it,

and against normal action of the-spring il. This releases the teeth 43from engagement with the teeth 36, and the jaw head 26 and ratchet bar35 can be rearwardly moved, and

the ratchet bar 35 inserted in the pocket 24.

VVhen'the approximate space intermediate the operating faces 11 and 27of the jaw heads 10 and 26 respectively has been reached, the object tobe worked upon is placed intermediate said jaw faces, and as is usuallythe case, the space intermediate the j aw faces is more than enough toaccommomes date the object worked upon. In order to take up thisdiscrepancy, the operator uses the same hand with which he holds thewrench and engages the end surface 31 of the projection. with the tip ofhis thumb,

and the jawshead 26 can bepushed forwardly by slight pressure until thejaw I faces 11 andi27 engage the work to be 0pera-ted upon. Thisadjustment is mainly permitted by reason of design of the teeth 36 anda3, since upon forward movement of the jaw B with respect to the jaw A,the teeth 413 of the pawl 40 ride over the curved upper faces 37 ofteeth 36, and against normal action of the spring 41. However, due tothe action of said spring the pawl normally finds its place in properengagement with the ratchet bar teeth, when the desired adjustment ofthe jaws has been secured;

Various changesin the shape, size and arrangement of parts, may be madeto the form of the invention herein shown' and I described, withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention or the. scope of the claims."

I claim:

A wrench comprising in combination a jaw head, a pair of spaced shanksconnected to' said jaw head, a second jaw head re- 'ciprocably mountedupon said shanks,-

ratchet bar rigidwith said second jaw head,

and a pawl pivotally mounted on one of said shanks for co-operation withsaid ratchet bar to regulate adjustment of said second jaw head.

2. A wrench comprising in combination a aw, a'shank thereon including ahand engaging portion, a second aw movable with respectto said shank andfirst mentioned jaw and operatively disposed intermediate Y the firstmentioned aw and the hand engaging portion, a ratchet bar on said secondjaw having teeth thereon inclined away from second jaw, and a pawlengaging saidteeth for holding said second jaw to, prevent move mentaway from said first jaw and permitting proximate movement of said jaws.

3. A. wrench, comprising in combination a jaw head, a pair of spacedshanks connected to said jaw head, a second jaw head reciprocablymounted upon said shanks, side grips upon said shanks forming a doublehandle structure, and means interposed with said shanks toregulate-adjustment of said second mentioned jaw head, said meansincluding a. ratchet, bar rigid upon said second jaw, a pawl pivotedinsaid handle and normally in engagement with said ratchet, and pro jecting fin er pieces for releasing said pawl.

4:.A1V1'611C11' comprising in combination a jaw head, a pair ofspacedshanks rigid with said jaw head, a second jaw head reciprocablymounted upon said shanks, a handle mounted rearwardly upon said shanks,a ratchet bar rigidly mounted to said second jaw head, and placedbetween said shanks,

and a pawl for said ratchet bar pivoted in said handle, the teeth andpawl so positioned as to permit proximate movement of said jaws, andpreventing retraction with V said shanks and in said pocket, apawl forsaid ratchet bar pivoted in said pocket, and

respect .to each other. 7

5. A wrench comprising in combination a aw head, a pairoi' reducedspaced shanks rigid thereupon, a second j aw head substantially the samein width as said first mentioned jaw head, and having apertures thereinto be recip'rocably disposed upon said first mentioned jaw shanks, sidepieces rigid upon theends of said shanks rearwardly of said firstmentioned jaw head, and providing pocket structure intermediate saidshanks a ratchet bar having rearwardly inclined teeth thereon rigid withsaid second me'n tioned jaw head and disposed intermediate 1 to the sidepieces of said handle, said pawl having a pluralityof teethiormedcentrally thereon, means normally maintaining said" teeth 1n engagementw th the teeth; upon said ratchet bar, and finger pieces formed rigidupon said'pawl, and laterally project ingj forwardly of said handlestructure.v J a EDMUND L. ZARD;

